At present the idea that one cannot travel faster than the speed of light severely limits the number of planets we can visit in the universe as they are just too far away, but maybe we will find a way to bend space to get there quicker in the distance future. We probably can make the planets nearest to us in the nearer future and we have already sent probes to our closest relatives.
Currently none I believe – we can visit the moon but that’s not a planet. The closest planet is Mars but it would take more than 6 months to get there and the conditions are generally unknown. Another big issue is the effect of being in space for 12 months or more on the mental state of the astronauts – I think this is currently being explored in an isolation psychology experiment in Russia.
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