There are theories that dyslexia affects your cerebellum, which is at the very back of your head near to your brain stem and neck. But I don’t think anyone knows for sure that there is actually a problem in the brain that is the exact cause of dyslexia.
Surprisingly dyslexics often have a combination of problems such as poor memory, reversing letters, and they maybe relatively poor at sport, eg not so good at catching balls. This sometimes makes them a bit slower at writing and they may be given extra time in exams at a result. Several of my academic colleagues are dyslexic, we accept we may take a bit longer to write than others. I find it very interesting that science has managed to relate poor performance at sport, memory problems and letter reversal.
Another good question. People with dyslexia typically have difficulty with reading but this can also extend to difficulties with writing and speech production. People with dyslexia often find it hard to turn individual letters or groups of letters into sounds which indicates that dyslexia is a sort of language-based impairment in the brain. The fact that people can learn strategies to help them overcome these difficulties suggests that dyslexia causes information processing to slow down but that it is not blocked altogether.
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